What is an ‘accessory to a crime’?

An ‘accessory to a crime’ refers specifically to someone who assists another person in the commission of a crime without being physically present at the scene when the crime takes place. This assistance can take various forms, such as providing tools, acting as a lookout, or helping with planning the crime. The key aspect of being an accessory is that the individual provides support or help in furthering the crime, even if they do not take part in the actual execution.

This definition distinguishes an accessory from a mere observer or a bystander. For instance, someone who witnesses a crime does not play a role in its commission and is primarily a passive party. Similarly, while a bystander who intervenes may be involved in the active prevention of a crime, they are not assisting in its commission. Lastly, someone who plans a crime but does not take action may be considered a conspirator or planner rather than an accessory unless they provide the means or support for the crime itself.

Therefore, the role of an accessory is characterized by the act of aiding or abetting the primary actor in committing the offense, solidifying the choice as the correct answer.